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158 lines
6.9 KiB
158 lines
6.9 KiB
# Debian Network Reinstall Script |
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## 甲骨文云服务器重装 Debian |
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下载脚本： |
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``` |
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curl -fLO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh && chmod a+rx debi.sh |
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``` |
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运行脚本： |
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``` |
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sudo ./debi.sh --cdn --network-console --ethx --bbr --user root --password <这里设置 root 密码> |
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``` |
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* 以上命令选项开启了 BBR；设置了网卡名称形式是 `eth0` 而不是 `ens3` 这种。 |
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* 如果是一般的 x86 架构 64 位机器（不是 ARM 架构的），还可以添加 `--cloud-kernel` 使用轻量版内核。 |
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* 不加 `--password` 选项会提示输入密码。 |
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如果没有报错可以重启： |
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``` |
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sudo shutdown -r now |
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``` |
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约 30 秒后可以尝试 SSH 登录 `installer` 用户，密码与之前设置的相同。如果成功连接，可以按 Ctrl-A 然后再按 4 监控安装日志。安装完成后会自动重启进入新系统。 |
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[甲骨文云服务器自动获取 IPv6](https://github.com/bohanyang/debi/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E4%BA%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96-IPv6) |
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[甲骨文云服务器纯 IPv6 网络（无公网 IPv4）下安装方法](https://github.com/bohanyang/debi/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E4%BA%91%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%BA%AF-IPv6-%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%EF%BC%88%E6%97%A0%E5%85%AC%E7%BD%91-IPv4%EF%BC%89%E4%B8%8B%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95) |
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## Introduction |
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This script is written to reinstall a VPS/virtual machine to Debian 10 Buster. |
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## Should Work On |
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### Virtualization Platform |
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* SolusVM/OpenStack/DigitalOcean/Vultr/Linode/Proxmox/QEMU KVM (BIOS boot) |
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* Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (UEFI boot) |
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* Google Cloud Compute Engine (**Must manually configure the VPC internal IP and the gateway.** UEFI boot with Secure Boot support) |
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* AWS EC2 & Lightsail (BIOS boot) |
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* Hyper-V & Azure (Generation 1 BIOS boot & Generation 2 UEFI boot) |
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### Original OS |
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* Debian 8 or later |
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* Ubuntu 14.04 or later |
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* CentOS 7 or later |
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## How It Works |
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1. Generate a preseed file to automate installation |
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2. Download the 'Debian-Installer' to the `/boot` directory |
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3. Append a menu entry of the installer to the GRUB2 configuration file |
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## Usage |
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### 1. Download |
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Download the script with curl: |
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curl -fLO https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh |
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# for IPv6-only machines |
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curl -fLO --resolve 'raw.githubusercontent.com:443:2a04:4e42::133' https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh |
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or wget: |
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wget -O debi.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bohanyang/debi/master/debi.sh |
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### 2. Run |
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Run the script under root or using sudo: |
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chmod a+rx debi.sh |
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sudo ./debi.sh |
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By default, an admin user `debian` with sudo privilege will be created during the installation. Use `--user root` if you prefer. |
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### 3. Reboot |
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If everything looks good, reboot the machine: |
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sudo shutdown -r now |
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Otherwise, you can run this command to revert all changes made by the script: |
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sudo rm -rf debi.sh /etc/default/grub.d/zz-debi.cfg /boot/debian-* && { sudo update-grub || sudo grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg; } |
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## Available Options |
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* `--ip <string>` Disable the auto network config (DHCP) and configure a static IP address, e.g. `10.0.0.2`, `1.2.3.4/24`, `2001:2345:6789:abcd::ef/48` |
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* `--netmask <string>` e.g. `255.255.255.0`, `ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::` |
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* `--gateway <string>` e.g. `10.0.0.1` |
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* `--dns '8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4'` (Default IPv6 DNS: `2001:4860:4860::8888 2001:4860:4860::8844`) |
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* `--hostname <string>` FQDN hostname (includes the domain name), e.g. `server1.example.com` |
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* `--network-console` Enable the network console of the installer. `ssh installer@ip` to connect |
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* `--suite buster` |
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* `--mirror-protocol http` or `https` or `ftp` |
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* `--https` alias to `--mirror-protocol https` |
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* `--mirror-host deb.debian.org` |
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* `--mirror-directory /debian` |
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* `--security-repository http://security.debian.org/debian-security` Magic value: `'mirror' = <mirror-protocol>://<mirror-host>/<mirror-directory>/../debian-security` |
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* `--no-account-setup, --no-user` **(Manual installation)** Proceed account setup manually in VNC or remote console. |
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* `--username, --user debian` New user with `sudo` privilege or `root` |
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* `--password <string>` Password of the new user. **You'll be prompted if you choose to not specify it here** |
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* `--authorized-keys-url <string>` URL to your authorized keys for SSH authentication. e.g. `https://github.com/torvalds.keys` |
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* `--sudo-with-password` Require password when the user invokes `sudo` command |
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* `--timezone UTC` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List |
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* `--ntp 0.debian.pool.ntp.org` |
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* `--no-disk-partitioning, --no-part` **(Manual installation)** Proceed disk partitioning manually in VNC or remote console |
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* `--disk <string>` Manually select a disk for installation. **Please remember to specify this when more than one disk is available!** e.g. `/dev/sda` |
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* `--no-force-gpt` By default, GPT rather than MBR partition table will be created. This option disables it. |
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* `--bios` Don't create *EFI system partition*. If GPT is being used, create a *BIOS boot partition* (`bios_grub` partition). Default if `/sys/firmware/efi` is absent. [See](https://askubuntu.com/a/501360) |
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* `--efi` Create an *EFI system partition*. Default if `/sys/firmware/efi` exists |
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* `--filesystem ext4` |
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* `--kernel <string>` Choose an package for the kernel image |
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* `--cloud-kernel` Choose `linux-image-cloud-amd64` as the kernel image |
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* `--no-install-recommends` |
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* `--install 'ca-certificates libpam-systemd'` |
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* `--safe-upgrade` **(Default)** `apt upgrade --with-new-pkgs`. [See](https://salsa.debian.org/installer-team/pkgsel/-/blob/master/debian/postinst) |
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* `--full-upgrade` `apt dist-upgrade` |
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* `--no-upgrade` |
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* `--ethx` Disable *Consistent Network Device Naming* to get interface names like *ethX* back |
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* `--bbr` Enable TCP BBR congestion control |
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* `--hold` Don't reboot or power off after installation |
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* `--power-off` Power off after installation rather than reboot |
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* `--architecture <string>` e.g. `amd64`, `i386`, `arm64`, `armhf`, etc. |
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* `--boot-directory <string>` |
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* `--firmware` Load additional [non-free firmwares](https://wiki.debian.org/Firmware#Firmware_during_the_installation) |
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* `--no-force-efi-extra-removable` [See](https://wiki.debian.org/UEFI#Force_grub-efi_installation_to_the_removable_media_path) |
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* `--grub-timeout 5` How many seconds the GRUB menu shows before entering the installer |
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* `--dry-run` Print generated preseed and GRUB entry without downloading the installer and actually saving them |
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### Presets |
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### `--cdn` |
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* `--mirror-protocol https` |
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* `--mirror-host deb.debian.org` |
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* `--security-repository mirror` |
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### `--aws` |
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* `--mirror-protocol https` |
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* `--mirror-host cdn-aws.deb.debian.org` |
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* `--security-repository mirror` |
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### `--china` |
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* `--dns '223.5.5.5 223.6.6.6'` |
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* `--mirror-protocol https` |
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* `--mirror-host mirrors.aliyun.com` |
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* `--security-repository mirror` |
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* `--ntp ntp.aliyun.com`
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