mirror of https://github.com/bohanyang/debi
Bohan Yang
7 years ago
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# Setup Clean Debian OS for Your (Cloud) VPS |
# VPS Re-install Debian 9 Script |
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## Step 1. Preparation |
## Introduction |
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- A clean normally running true virtualization (e.g. KVM) VPS with GRUB 2 and VNC access. This script have been tested on SolusVM KVM VPS & Alibaba Cloud ECS with Debian 9 & Ubuntu 16.04. |
This script is used to re-install VPS to Debian 9 with the official installer, but semi-automatically. |
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- Then check `/etc/default/grub` with your preferred editor (e.g. `nano` or `vi`). |
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- Set `GRUB_DEFAULT` to `debi` select the installer to boot automatically after timeout. |
## How It Works |
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- Make sure there's reasonable number for `GRUB_TIMEOUT` **timeout**. You can just set `GRUB_TIMEOUT=10` which will be fine. |
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- Make sure there's **no** `GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET` and `GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT`. **Just delete them.** |
1. Generate a preseed file to automate installation |
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2. Download Debian Installer to the boot directory |
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Install dependencies: |
3. Alter GRUB2 configuration to boot the installer |
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``` |
## Usage |
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sudo apt update && sudo apt -y install ca-certificates whois |
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``` |
sudo sh -c "$(wget -qO- https://github.com/brentybh/debian-netboot/raw/master/netboot.sh)" -- <OPTIONS> |
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## Step 2. Run the Script |
## Available Options |
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Replace following `<OPTIONS>` with your options. |
- `--preset` [`china`, `cloud`] |
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- `--ip` |
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``` |
- `--netmask` |
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sudo sh -c "$(wget -qO- https://github.com/brentybh/debian-netboot/raw/master/netboot.sh)" -- <OPTIONS> |
- `--gateway` |
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``` |
- `--ns "1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1"` |
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- `--hostname debian` |
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**Remember** to enter your current user's password for `sudo` (if need) and then enter the new user's password (if not specified by `--password`). |
- `--ssh-password` |
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- `--ssh-keys` |
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### All Options |
- `--protocol http` [`http`, `https`, `ftp`] |
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- `--mirror deb.debian.org` |
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- `--template foobar` Selected template (see below) |
- `--directory /debian` |
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- `--hostname debian` Hostname. Precedence: provided value > reverse DNS record > the default value `debian` |
- `--suite stretch` |
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- `--protocol http` Transport protocol to use with the repository mirror (not for the security mirror). Possible values: `http`, `https`, `ftp`, etc. |
- `--skip-user` |
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- `--mirror deb.debian.org` Hostname of the repository mirror (not for the security mirror) |
- `--username debian` |
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- `--directory /debian` Directory of the repository mirror |
- `--password` |
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- `--suite stretch` Selected suite to install (`stable`, `testing`, `stretch`, etc.) |
- `--timezone UTC` https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List |
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- `--username debian` Username of the administrator account with sudo privilege |
- `--ntp pool.ntp.org` |
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- `--password secret` Password of the account **(if not specified, it will be asked interactively)** |
- `--skip-part` |
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- `--timezone UTC` [Time zone](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_database_time_zones#List) |
- `--disk` |
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- `--ntp-server pool.ntp.org` NTP server |
- `--part` |
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- `--upgrade full-upgrade` Whether to upgrade packages after debootstrap (`none`, `safe-upgrade`, `full-upgrade`) |
- `--fs ext4` |
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- `--security-mirror http://security.debian.org/debian-security` Specify a URL for the security mirror or set to `true` to use the same mirror as the repository mirror instead of the default one |
- `--security http://security.debian.org/debian-security` |
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- `--filesystem ext4` Filesystem for partition |
- `--install` |
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- `--disk-encryption` Enable full disk encryption. Since it can't be fully automated currently, you'll need physical console (VNC) access to go through the steps |
- `--upgrade full-upgrade` [`none`, `safe-upgrade`, `full-upgrade`] |
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- `--ip 12.34.56.78` Configure network manually with an IP address **(the following 3 network related options only work when an IP address is provided here)** |
- `--poweroff` |
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- `--netmask 255.255.255.0` Netmask for manual network configuration |
- `--arch` |
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- `--gateway 12.34.56.1` Gateway for manual network configuration |
- `--boot-partition` |
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- `--dns "1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1"` DNS for manual network configuration |
- `--dry-run` |
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- `--include "ca-certificates curl fail2ban openssl whois"` Include additional packages to install |
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- `--manual` Manually configure user account and disk partition, etc. Network connection, the repository and security mirrors, time zone and NTP server are already auto-configured |
## Presets |
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- `--ssh-password installer_secret` Enable SSH access to the installer with a password. You can login to `installer` user and continue installation manually or just check system logs. |
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- `--ssh-keys https://example.com/.ssh/authorized_keys` Enable SSH access to the installer with a URL of the file contains authorized public keys. (see above) You can't access with password if authorized public keys are provided here. |
### `china` |
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- `--dry-run` Generate `preseed.cfg` and save to current directory but don't actually do anything |
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- `--architecture amd64` Specify an architecture (useful under CentOS) |
- `--ns "156.154.70.5 156.154.71.5"` |
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- `--boot-partition` Use `/` as the boot directory for the GRUB boot entry instead of `/boot`, useful under LVM machines with an independent boot partition |
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### Templates |
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You can select a template for quickly applying options. All custom settings will override template values. |
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#### `china` |
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- `--protocol https` |
- `--protocol https` |
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- `--mirror chinanet.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn` |
- `--mirror chinanet.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn` |
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- `--security-mirror true` |
- `--security true` |
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- `--timezone Asia/Shanghai` |
- `--timezone Asia/Shanghai` |
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- `--ntp-server cn.ntp.org.cn` |
- `--ntp cn.ntp.org.cn` |
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- `--dns "156.154.70.5 156.154.71.5"` |
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#### `cloud` |
### `cloud` |
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- `--protocol https` |
- `--protocol https` |
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- `--mirror cdn-aws.deb.debian.org` |
- `--mirror cdn-aws.deb.debian.org` |
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- `--security-mirror true` |
- `--security true` |
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- `--ntp-server time.google.com` |
- `--ntp time.google.com` |
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## Step 3. Entering Debian Installer |
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- Keep your SSH connection and **open VNC console** on your Provider's control panel. |
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- `sudo reboot` with your SSH and the VM should **reboot**. |
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- Switch to your VNC window **quickly**. You should enter the **GRUB selection menu** now. |
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- If you've configured correct `GRUB_DEFAULT`, it should be booted into installer automatically after timeout. |
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- Or, use your keyboard to **select** `Debian Installer` and **enter** it. Also, **be quick**, just do not miss the `GRUB_TIMEOUT` timeout you've set. |
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- Finally, you should see the screen of Debian Installer now. It will setup all things automatically and reboot when complete. |
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